Mary Cosmas

Ganglion cyst

A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous, round or oval sac filled with a jelly-like substance known as synovial fluid. Synovial fluid normally lubricates joints and tendons, helping reduce friction during movement. Ganglion cysts typically arise in the connective tissue around joints or tendons, most frequently near the wrist joint. They form when synovial fluid leaks […]

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Constipation

Constipation occurs when bowel movements become infrequent or difficult to pass. Typically, people may experience fewer than three bowel movements per week, accompanied by hard, dry stools, abdominal discomfort, and straining. While occasional constipation is common, long-term constipation can interfere with daily life and signal an underlying issue. There are several types of constipation, each

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Cold sores

Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), specifically HSV-1. Once infected, the virus lies dormant in the body and can reactivate due to various triggers, causing outbreaks of cold sores. While most people contract HSV-1 in childhood or adolescence, the virus can remain inactive in the body for long periods and may

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Ear Infections

Ear infections commonly occur in the middle ear, especially when fluid builds up behind the eardrum, creating an environment where bacteria or viruses can thrive. Ear infections are particularly common in children because of the unique structure of their Eustachian tubes, which are shorter and more horizontal than in adults. This makes it easier for

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Sinusitis

Sinusitis occurs when the tissue lining the sinuses becomes inflamed, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, pressure, and sometimes a headache. This inflammation blocks the normal drainage of mucus from the sinuses, causing it to build up and create an environment where bacteria or viruses can thrive. Sinusitis can be triggered by

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Bruises

A bruise is a form of injury that causes blood vessels just beneath the skin to break, leading to a pooling of blood in the surrounding tissues. This trapped blood appears as a dark mark on the skin and can range in color from purple and blue to green or yellow as it heals. Bruises

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Stye

A stye is a localized infection on the eyelid, usually caused by bacteria (often Staphylococcus aureus). It usually starts in the oil glands or hair follicles of the eyelid. Styes may be classified into two types: While styes are typically harmless and can go away on their own, they may cause significant discomfort due to

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Headaches

Headaches are one of the most common health complaints worldwide. Almost everyone experiences a headache at some point in their lives, ranging from mild discomfort to debilitating pain. While they often come and go, chronic or severe headaches can significantly impact daily life. In this blog, we’ll explore what headaches are, their causes, the different

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Allergies

Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to substances (known as allergens) that are generally harmless to most people. These allergens can include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, certain foods, and insect stings. When an allergic person is exposed to an allergen, their immune system perceives it as a threat and releases chemicals like histamines,

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